Mental Illness Of Mental Health Disorders - 1590 Words

In the past couple decades, substantial and somewhat reliable evidence has been gathered on mental illnesses and their prevalence. Before around the 1980’s though, the evidence that was gathered on mental illnesses was too inconsistent to be credible. In a survey conducted by the World Health Organization’s department of World Mental Health, data was gathered on the prevalence of mental health disorders in 14 countries around the world. The results of these surveys conclude that mental health disorders are more prevalent than any other chronic illness. The author of the article â€Å"Prevalence, Severity, and Unmet Need for Treatment of Mental Health Disorders in the World Health Organization World Mental Health Surveys†, named Koen Demyttenaere, makes the argument that the effects of these disorders could be lessened or cured with adequate treatment. In his article, he makes the points that mild mental illnesses that go untreated can turn into more serious probl ems, mental illnesses have a greater effect on role-functioning than many physical chronic illnesses, and that treatment resources should be reallocated to help combat mental health problems. So the main theme is that there is not sufficient treatment for mental health disorders that should be treated. Mental disorders, just like any other illness, require treatment to alleviate their effects. Due to the lack of proper treatment for these mental disorders, many cases of mild mental disorders can worsen over time,Show MoreRelatedMental Illness : Bipolar Disorder And The Opportunity For Health Improvement Through The Promotion Of Positive Mental Health1483 Words   |  6 PagesA psychological disorder is defined as â€Å"a condition in which a person s thoughts, feelings, or behavior are thought to be in some way dysfunctional† (Sullivan, 2009, p. 415). One such mental illness is Bipolar Disorder (BD) formally know as manic depression. Individuals suffering from BD experience â€Å"mood swings that alternate between periods of elevated or euphoric mood (manic episodes) and periods of depression† (Sullivan, 2009, p. 50). In the following case study, we will examine the case of ScoterRead MoreAnxiety Disorders : The Most Common Mental Health Illness That Affect Children2 242 Words   |  9 PagesAnxiety disorders are the most common mental health illness that affect children and the amount of children affected by this mental illness has increased considerably in the past century. However, the amount of children that actually get treatment is drastically low, leaving children to deal with their fears and worries by themselves. The children who deal with anxiety are overcome with fear and worry and are constantly dismissed as acting out for attention because people are unaware of how seriousRead MoreThe Effects Of Bipolar Disorder On Individuals, Families And Society1109 Words   |  5 PagesMental illness is a leading cause of disability in Canada. All Canadians are likely to be indirectly affected through a mental illness in a family, friend or colleague. Statistics showed that 1 in 5 Canadians experiences a mental health or addiction problem. (Mental Illness and Addictions: Facts and Statistics, n.d.). This report will be focusing on one of the more common mental illness — bipolar disorder. Bipolar disorder, also known as manic-depressive illness, is a serious medical condition thatRead MoreMental Disorder Research Paper1530 Words   |  7 PagesJacob Shatarang 5/22/13 Mental stability or mental health is the way humans react to, think about, and feel about what goes on in their everyday lives. It is a psychosomatic and emotional state of being. Throughout history, people with odd or dangerous behaviors were seen as witches or ones possessed by evil spirits. These people were thrown in prisons or institutions to isolate them from others. Not too long ago, in the 1950’s with a great deal of research and much more highly developed technologyRead MoreWhat Is The Mental Health? Essay1628 Words   |  7 PagesWhat is the mental health? Mental health embraces emotional, psychological, and social well-being. It has an effect on thinking, feeling, and acting. It also helps to define how people handle stress and make choices. Mental health is momentous through the stages of life, from childhood and adolescence via adulthood. In the life, if someone experience mental health problems, it has an effect on thinking, behaviour, and mood. Many causes contribute to mental health problems, containing: Life experiencesRead MoreMental Disorders Within The Criminal Population1357 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction Mental illness has always had its place in history. For the people in today’s society, mental disorders are much easily treated allowing for a more normal living. Yet, not all individuals are able to be diagnosed with such disorders often causing negative behaviors. For low level offenders this is often the case. Nearly 20 percent of state and local jail detainees have a history of mental disorders; this percetage can increase considering that about 61.5 million adults are affectedRead MoreMental Health Disorders And Its Effects On Children And Society1626 Words   |  7 Pagesissues Mental health disorders such as bipolar disorder and ADHD creates a burden on affected children and society at large. Commonly identified issues include financial impact on the family, effect of the illness on the child, social issues, occupational and academic functioning, racial impact, effects on family, stigma of the illness, suicide, economic burden on society, role of healthcare providers and cultural issues. Role of religion Whenever a child is diagnosed with a mental illness, parentsRead MoreMental Illness And Its Stigma1363 Words   |  6 PagesMental Illness and Its Stigma â€Å"One in five adults in America experience mental illness,† (Mental Health, n.d., para 1). Many people define mental illness as a characteristic that makes one irrational or delusional and derives a belief that those who have mental disorders are not suffering from a real disease, resulting in a negative view of those who suffer. There are three ways to defy this stigma that everyone, from media producers to the sufferers themselves, must participate in to break downRead MoreAnalysis of Mental Health in Canada1588 Words   |  7 PagesClose to six million Canadians live with mental illness; let alone the thousands that are undiagnosed. Mental illness has made big headlines in the news in the recent years. The people suffering from mental illness have been faced with discrimination a caused by a stigma towards them. Mental illness can be caused by many different factors whether they are psychological or environmental. Although only twenty percent of Canadians personally e xperience mental illness in their lifetime, it affects everyoneRead MoreThe Stigma Of Mental Health Stigma1178 Words   |  5 Pagesmany a stigma is a disgraceful flaw, that of a negative presence. In mental health this stigma is overwhelming. Approximately 57.7 million Americans experience a mental health disorder in any given year. (National Alliance on Mental Illness) People in dire need of help are not seeking it. Mental illnesses are going undiagnosed. The mental health stigma is having a negative impact on the proper diagnosis and treatment of mental illnesses. A stigma can simply be defined as a mark of disgrace associated

My Philosophy of Teaching Essay - 524 Words

Philosophy of Education To be an effective educator, I believe one must have a foundation of moral and ethical principles. An educator should support the learning environment, while being flexible and teachable. He or she must also lay a foundation of beliefs on how individuals learn, seeking to enable individuals to reach their optimal potential. My personal educational philosophy begins with believing all children are unique individuals, with different emotions and different styles of learning. An educator has the incredible challenge of attempting to meet those needs. As an educator, I believe all children deserve the opportunity and resources that would better enable them to reach their maximum potential.†¦show more content†¦All students deserve to be treated with respect and fairness, showing students they are unique individuals. In addition, I believe positive reinforcement is essential to the behavior change process. Positive reinforcement should be consistent, individualized, a nd not complicated. I believe that positive student/teacher interaction and family involvement are essential to the learning process. I believe that all students can succeed in education. It is my goal as a teacher to develop the intellect of all learners through a challenging curriculum. I hope to propose thought provoking questions that will prompt students to think and learn on their own. I will provide supervised practice to ensure the students in my classroom are learning. I believe problem-solving skills will be the most valuable skills students can learn. It is important for the class to be active in the community and active in life-changing events. Students learn best by doing. Emphasis will be placed on learning how to learn. Students will take an active role in helping decide what they learn and how they want to learn it. They will be responsible for helping to care for and maintain the learning environment, thus taking ownership of the class. As a future English language arts teacher I hope to provide instruction that leads my students to active thought. I believe reading, writing, speaking, and listening are all linked to thinking. These processes are social andShow MoreRelatedMy Philosophy Of Teaching Philosophy911 Words   |  4 PagesTeaching Philosophy When I think about my teaching philosophy, I think of a quote by Nikos Kazantzakis, Greek writer and philosopher. Kazantzakis states, â€Å"True teachers are those who use themselves as bridges over which they invite their students to cross; then, having facilitated their crossing, joyfully collapse, encouraging them to create their own.† In my classroom, I will provide an environment that shows I am a â€Å"true teacher.† Philosophy of Discipline I believe that children learn best andRead MoreMy Philosophy Of Teaching For Teaching932 Words   |  4 PagesWhen I was learning about teaching in college classes my philosophy of education was different than when I actually started doing my student teaching. As soon as a teacher enters the classroom, it should be his/her second home. Teaching is a field of occupation where teacher needs have these two personality traits: patience and flexibility. Not all teachers are same thus each has their unique way of teaching students. My philosophy for teaching is very simple and fair. I would like to incorporateRead MoreMy Philosophy : My Teaching Philosophy893 Words   |  4 PagesMy Teaching Philosophy Since Koreans started to learn English, thousands of people have struggled to master the language. Parents currently invest a lot of money and their children spend enormous amounts of time studying English as government suggests new language policies. However, proper verification and investigation of those policies have not been done yet and the outlet is really not promising (Suh, 2007). Most Korean students study English for tests. The purpose of English is so focused onRead MoreMy Teaching Philosophy : My Personal Philosophy Of Teaching932 Words   |  4 Pages This is my personal philosophy of teaching. This is my belief about teaching and learning and how I will put my beliefs into classroom practices. First and foremost, the purpose of education is to educate students so that they can be ready for the real world. It should prepare students for life, work, and citizenship. To do this, education should teach one to think creatively and productively. In addition to preparing students for the real world, all students should be able to read and comprehendRead MoreTeaching Philosophy : My Philosophy1100 Words   |  5 PagesTeaching Philosophy: Lauren Gross EDUC 120 Learn to Teach, Learn to Learn. / Use the past to teach the future ( That is my philosophy) Theory helps teachers think about what we experience and furthermore to teach and learn about how we, as educators, learn. Teachers should be supportive and cooperative, teachers should play the role of a friend, but also stealthily act in the role of advisor or guide for students. Teachers should live by existing educational theories, but also be able to createRead MoreMy Philosophy : Teaching Philosophy1071 Words   |  5 PagesAfter reading Professor Varis teaching philosophy it is quite evident he takes great consideration for his students and their learning opportunities. As I reflect on and review my understanding and my learning philosophy I am given the chance to reflect on past classes and possibly what could have been different on my behalf and the professor’s behalf. Also at this time I relish the opportunity to contimplate what my values, principles, achievement skills and also my expectations for this class areRead MoreMy Philosophy Of Teaching Philosophy1145 Wor ds   |  5 PagesMy teaching philosophy is to engage in a mutual exchange of knowledge with the students. I believe that through helping students to develop skills of critical reflection and critical thinking they will become able to carry out innovative research and also succeed in work beyond academia. Through interactive teaching methods such as group work, role play, and joint presentations I seek not only to encourage students to engage with me as an instructor, but also to exchange and discuss ideas with theirRead MoreMy Philosophy Of Teaching Philosophy1888 Words   |  8 PagesTeaching Philosophy My philosophy of education is founded on the core principle that all children should have equal access to a quality education that will prepare them for higher education and to be contributing members of society. Schools were founded on the primary principle of teaching values to students as well as educating them academically. While values have been removed from the curriculum, I still believe much of what we do as teachers is instilling values in our students. As educators,Read MoreMy Teaching Philosophy1217 Words   |  5 Pagesis at the elementary school level. My current goal is to either teach the 4th or 5th grade level. Moreover, throughout the semester I have read about or seen different philosophies through the observations I have done throughout the semester. While reading chapter 6 in the class text I thought to myself, as an educator what will be teaching philosophy that best suited my beliefs. Moreover, in chapter 6 there was a test where one would figure out their phil osophy according to the test result. For meRead MoreMy Teaching Philosophy1088 Words   |  5 PagesSince the beginning of my academic career, teaching has always been an important part of my academic duties. The interaction that I have with students is not only enjoyable to me, but it also gives me an invaluable perspective on the subjects I am teaching. Since I started my position at the Mathematical Institute at the University of Oxford, I have tutored in four classes across three semesters and supervised two projects, as detailed in my CV. I am also tutoring two new undergraduate classes in

Poverty and sustainable development in Asia - Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss about the Poverty and sustainable development in Asia. Answer: Introduction The Global Financial Crisis (GFC, 2008-2009) is referred to as the worst economic disaster after the economic depression of 1929. The main cause behind the occurrence of such situation is the deregulation of the financial industry. GFC is seen to lead the evolvement process of the great depression that resulted in emergence of immense unemployment and huge reduction in the prices of real estate. The eruption of GFC is considered to be take place in the year of 2007 because of liquidity crisis due to the collapse of the confidence of the investors of United States regarding the value of subprime mortgages. The financial crisis became worse because of the crash of global stock market and due to high volatility of stock market in the year of 2008. GFC got initiated because of the fall of the prices of real estates and that led the fall of remittance flow worldwide from the year of 2008 to 2009 by 6% (Ojo 2016). It is seen that due to the update of International Monetary Fund) IMF, outlo ok economies of the developed and the developing nations were surrounded by crisis in financial sector and that lowered the global output level at 2.2 % in the year of 2009 (Attig et al. 2016). Nepal is seen to have not been affected by GFc but there is presence of some indirect impact of GFC. Discussion Probable reasons of financial crisis In this section of this report some of the probable causes behind GFC are mentioned: Global saving glut One of the most definite reasons behind the rise in prices of the asset was current account deficit existing in United States and global saving glut. The countries that have reservedcurrent account and deficit in trades before GFC; the increase in foreign borrowing and savings were lowered in spite of becoming lender to United States. The countries that are developing were not buying and saving barge into the global capital market and this reversal led to generate global saving glut. The developed nations capital market were in search for the increased demands and investments that resulted in emerging prices of net assets in United States that includes real estate and stock market. Prices of housing The decline in the pricing of the houses was a chief shock in economic sector that led to the global financial crisis. During the time span of 1996 to 2000, increase in the price of housing was seen because of the lower interest rates and demand pressures of the new economy. Among the middle of 2006 and 2009, the prices of the housing sector initiated decreasing and made it the biggest decline in the prices of housing sector since the year of 1987 (Balakrishnan et al. 2016). This sudden decline occurred due to the fact that mortgage lending was chiefly directed to the rich population and those were not saddle saddled to the debt burdens of huge mortgage which got increased. Bubble burst of housing price: Increasing rate of interest and subprime lending The prices of the housing got further increased by the increasing tax standards of lending and the low rate of interest is related to the saving glut. The borrowers who took loans were in most cases subprime lenders and the regular standards could not be satisfied because of their lower credit worthiness. Increase of Fed rate of interest which helped to soften and made the borrowing even more costly (Dungry and Gajurel 2014). Apart from that the price of the housing estates majorly affected because of the mortgage rates that moved from lower to higher rate of market. Credit booms The vital role played by rapid credit expansion to enhance the financial crisis. The credit access developed at an immense pace that enhanced the boom in the market of real estate in the nations like United Kingdom, Spain, Ireland and some other countries under European Union. Immense cyclical fluctuations were seen within the economy because of the coinciding growth in credit. The indebtedness of Housing grew in United States after the year of 2000 though the increased credit growth was not debated and that explained the lower growth rate of credit (Bauer and Thant 2015). Increased mortgage financing, low interest rates and financial innovation all were potential contributing factors behind the expansion of indebtednessof the housing sector. Probability of repetition of financial crisis According to the business cycle theory, there is a probability of repetition of the crisis globally and it has been established that there are scope of further financial crisis because the global financial system is currently in the stage of expansion that can enhance the chances of the economy to fall and it can reach the phase of economic depression. Effect of financial crisis on Nepal and various other countries Financial sector effects The macroeconomic performances, health of the financial sector and the exposure to the capital markets of the foreign countries differ from one nation to another. The negative effect of direct investments of the foreign countries and the flows of capital negatively affects the economic conditions of nations like India. The largest fiscal and current account deficit has adversely affected the country of Sri Lanka regarding the lower inflow of capital from the foreign countries and there was an increase in the spread of bond in the country. The negative impacts of the global financial crisis were obvious on the country like Nepal too. The eonomy of Nepal is growing from lower growth situation. The drops in the prices of international fuel and food, negative effects of inflation, non-performing loans and low capital adequacy are the contributing factors of the weak economy of Nepal. Effect of remittance Global financial crisis led to the decrease in the flow of remittance from the year of 2008 to 2009 by 6% and the nations which were least hit by the negative effects of GFC are the Asia pacific region at 2% in relation to the drop in Latin America, Central Asia, Sub Saharan Africa, North Asia and Caribbean islands along with Middle East. Nevertheless, Nepals case was unusual and it did not notice any flow of remittance. Remittance flow to Nepal never got decreased between the years of 1998 to 2010. It was clearly the fifth largest recipient of remittance in relation to the global share of GDP. Foreign exchange reserve The corporate sector of emerging and developing economies was majorly affected by financial crisis due to increased funding issues and the loss of foreign exchange. For reducing the general requirement of funding of a marketer, it is necessary to lower the activities regarding funding of foreign exchange of merging economies. The foreign exchange reserves of the banking system of Nepal at the time of financial crisis slowed down because of the slowing down of the revenues from the interest and the inflow from remittance. The growth and development of the foreign exchange reserves in relation to 17.7% to 3.72 million US dollars in the year of 2008-09 and 22% to 3.03% billion US dollars in the year of 2007-08 (Abraham and Rajan 2014). Effect on the macroeconomic balance The trade stocks potentially enhanced the worsening process of the balance in the macroeconomic sector of the countries of South Asia region during after the time of GFC and when the prices of the commodity were decreasing. The current account seems to be hurt by the decrease of inflow from remittance and the revenues from the exports (Vazquez and Federico 2015). Because of the decreasing prices, there is a possibility that the earnings from the revenues will also get negatively affected. Import The decreasing trend of the prices of the commodity especially in relation to food and fuel is surely one of the redeeming aspects of import. More reduction in the prices of commodities may cause because of the recession in all the OECD countries and the nations in South Asia region will get positive effects of that. Effect of Financial crisis on housing industry and share market Effect on the housing sector From all the real economy implications, the negative effect of the GFC is significant and direct. GFC produced a major disruption in the housing sector. Those issues are mentioned in this section. The joint effect of enhanced non-performing assets in the banks of the domestic areas and the reduction in the foreign financial aid are the main matter of concern nowadays. This will definitely owe low profiles for the business organizations which are generating products to export. The availability of local financing for getting investments got decreased and there was a sudden slowdown in the rate of domestic investment. The investment and growth in the countries of South Asia got decreased because of the slowdown of capital from foreign and the revenues from export (Boychuk et al. 2012). Effect of GFC on the share market GFC brought in higher degrees of volatility in the stock market and transmition of volatility ranges from one particular financial market to another market in accordance with the arising stock severity and in terms of the magnitude. Crisis in United States in the year of 2009 resulted from the collapse of subprime mortgage market that steered the liquidity crisis which aggravated the collapse of the stock market. It is seen that many nations got deeply affected by the crash of stock market and during the time of GFC, the shock that emerged from the market of United States;enhanced the volatility of the stock markets of New Zealand and Australia. The stock markets of Japan, US and Germany were marked because of the volatility transmission pattern. These countries stock markets were majorly influenced by the starting phase of GFC. The stock markets volatility increases the borrowing cost that can result in loss of confidence of the potential investors and it also can affect the investm ent market in some specified countries (Bntrix et al. 2015). Nepals financial sector is not at all related to the global system of finance and thus they did not receive any negative impact of the financial crisis initially. The investment and share market of Nepal is not directly associated with the global market of investment and it has three rounds of repercussions in relation to the decreasing exports, additional debt servicing burden, declining tourism and loss of foreign assistance. These reasons negatively impacted the trade deficit of the nation. It is seen that the probability of getting victimized by them is higher degree of integration. The available funds in the Nepalese banks are more than it is required by the country and the vulnerability of such reserves was attributed to the indirect effects if GFC, like decreasing consumer spending and decreasing aggregate demand. (Cayon et al. 2017). Amendments to decrease financial crisis The nations and the financial system must sustain some principles to avoid the occurrence of GFC. The probability of the decline of the effects of such GFC might be done by taking up some necessary measures and those are mentioned below. Stress testing and capital planning The bigger banks must have a capital planning and stress testing by looking at the future. The Federal reserve has somehow designed a yearly comprehensive capital analysis and by reviewing that they help to assess the lending capacity of the bigger banks at the time of the economic downturn to continue to lend to the business organizations sand household. It is seen that Stress testing is a regulatory regime and by conducting this test, it can help to make a futuristic and dynamic framework based on risks (Obstfeld 2015). These will surely help to create a transparent capital market in various nations. Heightened capital regulations The capital requirements of the banks that are risk based must be heightened and they must have more equity regarding the risk-weighted assets (Haas and Lelyveld 2014). There must be higher capital standards must be based on the risks as they will be needing to have more equity capital against the assets which are riskiest. Tools formation to facilitate reorganization and failure of complex financial firms A specialized revolution must be created for the larger financial banks (Kemp 2015). Some regime like orderly liquidation authority, single point of entry and total loss absorbing capacity would definitely make sure that the losses are linked with the failures should borne not by the tax payers but by the holders of long term debts. These amendments are seen to be significant steps and this takes place because of two reasons. The issues related too big to fail shall be addressed by the implementation of such amendments and the guarantees to benefit the financial organizations pre crisis will be decreased. It is likely that the bigger financial organizations will undergo and orderly fail got enhanced; this will definitely make the economy less vulnerable in front of the crisis (Claessens and van Horen 2015). Conclusion This report dealt with the reasons behind and the effects of the GFC on various countries throughout the world with special emphasis on Nepal. It is seen that GFC had affected in second and third round in relation to the flow of remittance, foreign exchange reserves, tourism and the prices of commodity. GFC made a negative impact on the Nepals economy that is related to the non-investment in the productive sectors and unemployment. Nepals financial system did not experience any direct effect of GFC and a downward effect of the growth rate of the nation was seen because of the failing to supply the demand of manufactured products of Nepal. The nations service industry got also affected by the recession and a global slowdown. In addition to that, it can be said that various countrys stock markets collapsed and that limited the stock markets growth. From the discussion above, it can be concluded that GFC affected many countrys financial sector and affected numerous medium and small orga nizations. the nations with high income and the developing nations seen a trauma of GFC in relation to the reduced use of long-term debt and the financial leverage of the business organizations. Thus it is important for the large corporations and the banks to take up above mentioned reforms that can potentially help them to decrease the chances of such occurrences. References list: Abraham, V. and Rajan, S.I., 2014. Global Financial Crisis and Return of South Asian Gulf Migrants. India Migration Report 2012: Global Financial Crisis, Migration and Remittances, p.197. Albertazzi, U. and Bottero, M., 2014. Foreign bank lending: evidence from the global financial crisis. Journal of International Economics, 92, pp.S22-S35 Attig, N., Boubakri, N., El Ghoul, S. and Guedhami, O., 2016. The global financial crisis, family control, and dividend policy. Financial Management, 45(2), pp.291-313. Balakrishnan, K., Watts, R. and Zuo, L., 2016. The effect of accounting conservatism on corporate investment during the global financial crisis. Journal of Business Finance Accounting, 43(5-6), pp.513-542. Bauer, A. and Thant, M. eds., 2015. Poverty and sustainable development in Asia: Impacts and responses to the global economic crisis. Asian Development Bank. Bntrix, A., Lane, P.R. and Shambaugh, J.C., 2015. DP10325 International Currency Exposures, Valuation Effects and the Global Financial Crisis. Boychuk, G.W., Mahon, R. and McBride, S. eds., 2015. After'08: Social Policy and the Global Financial Crisis. UBC Press. Cayon, E., Thorp, S. and Wu, E., 2017. Immunity and infection: Emerging and developed market sovereign spreads over the Global Financial Crisis. Emerging Markets Review. Claessens, S. and Van Horen, N., 2015. The impact of the global financial crisis on banking globalization. IMF Economic Review, 63(4), pp.868-918. Dungey, M. and Gajurel, D., 2014. Equity market contagion during the global financial crisis: Evidence from the world's eight largest economies. Economic Systems, 38(2), pp.161-177. Haas, R. and Lelyveld, I., 2014. Multinational banks and the global financial crisis: Weathering the perfect storm?. Journal of Money, Credit and Banking, 46(s1), pp.333-364. IMF. (2016).IMFs Response to the Global Economic Crisis. [online] Available at: https://www.imf.org/en/About/Factsheets/Sheets/2016/07/27/15/19/Response-to-the-Global-Economic-Crisis [Accessed 18 Jan. 2018]. Kemp, P.A., 2015. Private renting after the global financial crisis. Housing Studies, 30(4), pp.601-620. Lib.icimod.org. (2018). [online] Available at: https://lib.icimod.org/record/26979/files/c_attachment_767_6007.pdf [Accessed 18 Jan. 2018]. Obstfeld, M., 2015. after the Global Financial Crisis. POLICY CHALLENGES IN A DIVERGING GLOBAL ECONOMY, p.383 Ojo, A.O., 2016. Corporate governance and risk management in the financial industry: changes after the global financial crisis. Vazquez, F. and Federico, P., 2015. Bank funding structures and risk: Evidence from the global financial crisis. Journal of banking finance, 61, pp.1-14.

The Changes Of The Situation Of Women As Presented In Three Cuban Film

The Changes Of The Situation Of Women As Presented In Three Cuban Films The Changes of the Situation of Women as Presented in Three Cuban Films The Cuban revolution has brought about great change for women. Prior to Castros reign, women mainly had lives that revolved around the household, and very few had professional jobs. Also, they were traditionally seen as subordinate to men in political and social situations. Gradually, women became more active outside of the household and started to participate in revolutionary pursuits, as well as take care of the family. Along with the revolutionary ideals of social equality in Cuba, came a strong womens rights movement a struggle against the historical structures of machismo. Although much has been accomplished to better the gender discrimination and sexism, women in Cuba are still in a situation where they have to sacrifice themselves. As we see in three films from throughout the post-revolutionary period, the situation has changed, but not improved for the women of Cuba. In Mihail Kalatozovs 1964 film, I am Cuba, the second vignette comments most about the situation of women. There are many shots of scantily clad women that suggest the importance of physical beauty. The story begins in at a hotel with Cuban women participating in a bathing suit contest, while rich tourists watch. The viewer already notices how the Cuban women are being degraded for the satisfaction of the Americans. As the story progresses, we see the protagonist, Maria, get proposed to, something that does not make her very happy. It seems as if she would rather work and be single than the wife of a revolutionary. Next, in the nightclub, Maria, or now named Betty to be more American, is introduced to some American men who like her for her beauty. We know that she is highly sexualized by the portrait one of them draws of her that is really a picture of a breast. While she is dancing with the men, we get to see Marias emotional state. She is frantically thrown around; she has no contr ol over the situation, and we can see the despair on her face. This scene shows how much Maria feels trapped as a woman in Cuba. Later, when she brings a man home for money, she is not ashamed of the muddy barrio in which she lives. In fact, she takes extra care of the growing plant outside of her house. This demonstrates her hope for the future. As the man leaves, he takes her crucifix, and her self-respect. Her fiance returns to find the man leaving the exploited Maria. In this film we realize how really desperate the women of this time are. Maria, a sex object, has no voice throughout the film. She is trapped in a world controlled by men and foreigners. She is forced to alter her identity and sell her body to live in her own country comfortably, yet still impoverished. The next film was made after the revolution began to bring more social equality to Cuba. Pastor Vegas film, Portrait of Teresa (1979), displays a mothers struggle between her family and her duties as a good revolutionary. During this time, the feminist movement is sweeping the country and more women are working and going to college. The revolution brought on more ways for women to be active in the government and arts. Teresa wants very badly to have a job and do extra revolutionary activities, while taking care of three sons and an inconsiderate husband. She realizes that this cannot work unless her husband decides to accept her commitment to her profession. Throughout the film, she is presented with many discouragements. Besides her husband being sexist, her mother and friends tell her also that she cannot have all of these things at once. Sexism within her workplace is apparent when we see the directors board of all men and mostly women workers. Also, while Teresa and her male part ner are being interviewed, the interviewer comments on her looks and asks about her husband, while her partner is asked about actual production. These are all comments on the place that women held in society. They are free to participate in everything as equal comrades